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  • Roman Red

    Published June 24th, 2004 by English Yellow Pages
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    You know that you have been away from home for more than a little while when you look in the mirror and the mirror does not lieand you cannot escape the moment of truth. The time has definitely come to cover up those dark roots and color your hair, or else join a circus. Time to take action, get out that hair dye and, as the Nike commercial commands, Just Do It! No problem. What could be easier in this global marketplace than buying the same brand of hair coloring, the same number formula? Turns out, there is good news and bad. First, the good news. The brand which shall go unnamed so as to avoid any legal entanglements is on all the shelves here in Rome. The bad news is that the color formula numbers are different, and everything is in Italian. This should come as no surprise. I am living in Italy, after all, and can hardly expect English translations on boxes of hair dye. But not to worry! The number ranges for colors are about the same, and lovely photos on the back show you the hair color you will end up with depending on the hair color you start out with – at least in theory. So what can go wrong? Surveying the boxes featuring lovely redheads, I wish I had brought my handy little pocket Italian dictionary along. Rosso is red, any wine drinker knows that, but what is ramato, for goodness sake? What about castana chiaro rosso given the word order, does it mean clear chestnut red or chestnut clear red? But times a wasting. Buying a box of what I roughly translate as a medium auburn color, one I have used for many a year, and as close to the American formula number as I can get, I prepare for the big event. Once home, its now or never. With a mixture of trepidation and linguistic bravado, I open the box. It contains oh, no! all sorts of different stuff. The usual assortment of bottles and tubes are just not the same. The plastic gloves, however, are superior. Out with the dictionary, in with the new hair color. I am confident that I have a fighting chance at translating the instructions. First, I must versare (pour) the tube of coloring cream into the flacone (bottle) and riavvitare (rescrew on the top) and agitare (shake) vigorously to get the perfect omogenea (homogeneous???) mix. Next, I must rompere (break) off the tip of the bottle cap and proceed to apply the mixture to my hair using it completamente and immediatamente. (I felt pretty confident about not having to look up these last two words in the instructions. Bet you got them too. Good for us!) Now I must lasciare (leave it on) for 30 minutes. As the time passes and I check on the progress of better living through chemistry a subject I never mastered either in high school or college I note that the mixture has taken on a distinctly orange hue. Maybe I should have gone home for that dictionary after all to see whether my idea of medium auburn and the Italian description bore any similarity to each other. Too late now When the 30 minutes are up, I am instructed to versare (pour) a little tepid water on my hair, lightly massage it through, then wash it out until no more color comes out and the rinse water is clean. I note with horror how my shower drain is swallowing what looks like human blood as the red hair dye slowly but surely rinses away. I cannot help but shiver as I relive that terrifying scene in Alfred Hitchcocks Psycho the brutal stabbing and slashing, the bloody shower stall That scene is so etched in my memory that I confess that I have never been able to take a shower in any hotel or motel without fear that some maniac is lurking out there somewhere, waiting to strike. Now for the last step. Even with the dictionary, this one is a bit curious. I must ripartire (divide up?) the protective crme rinse, massage it through my hair and leave it on for two minutes before washing it out, again waiting for the water to be pure and clean. Out of the shower, looking in the mirror, I note with dismay that the color wet looks as if I had applied polyurethane wood stain rather than hair coloring. Heart beating rapidly in my chest, I pick up the hair dryer, hoping that once dry, my hair will lose its newly-refinished bookshelf look. And indeed, the color lightens; in fact, it lightens a lot. The final shade of red would make Howdy Doody jealous. Blaming the hair dye, certainly not my imperfect Italian language skills for purchasing the wrong color, I decide not to admit defeat. My pride prohibits me from going around the corner to the local beauty shop for first aid. After all, I only have to live with this new look for the next five weeks or so before I can safely re-dye my hair a color guaranteed not to stop traffic. Dyeing it again, too soon, is not recommended. It might fall out. Grunge may be in, but in my case, bald would definitely not be beautiful. Adopting a Zen-like attitude, having decided to make the best of a bad thing, I am determined to snatch victory from the jaws of defeat. If, and inevitably when well-meaning friends (suppressing horror and a laugh at my expense) ask what happened to my hair, I will proudly refer to my flaming locks as the hottest new hair statement in fashion-savvy Italy Roman Red!

    originally posted by: Rose Lee Hayden

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  • Nassiriya and after

    Published December 12th, 2003 by English Yellow Pages
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    Glued to my home TV, Im following funeral rite for nineteen Italian carabinieri, peacekeepers killed by kamikaze attack in Nasssiriya. As coverage begins, I hear an off-camera voice stake its media claim, and it does come as a surprise: More than a million mourners arrived through Monday at the Vittoriano. I was part of that crowd at the Altar of the Patria. Impressive numbers, but nowhere near a million. In this serious occasion, what cued such a hyped media headcount?

    Usually characterized by political and social fragmentation, Italy has united in shock. Parliament had hotly debated the deployment of Italian forces to Iraq, in any capacity. Government majority touted limited participation as emblematic of Italys pacific good will. The enterprise was painted as a rather self-less, sunny image. As result, the attack has also hit hard at Italian pride. This elaborate state funeral is triggered both to commemoration, and enhanced national image. Even so, over a million, is way, way off.

    Aside from the initial conflated headcount, funeral coverage is low key. In tune with the publics tragic and unexpectedly aroused sense of national identity. Varied camera angles track the official procession as it starts from the mammoth Vittoriano looming over Piazza Venezia. The marchers route will wend past kilometers of city avenues and roadways before it arrives at the funeral mass in St. Pauls Basilica. Yet suddenly-perhaps to fill in such long silences?-the off camera voice repeats its mathematical delirium: more than a million last night

    Theres not been such a large death toll among Italian forces since the end of World War II. This unprovoked attack, inexplicable in the context of a pacific mission, forebodes future dangers for the troops. Italians have suffered a numbed, grievous bewilderment. Thousands of everyday citizens made a pilgrimage to the Vittorianos mortuary chapel during the lying in state vigil held from Monday morning to Tuesday dawn Like the rest of the crowd, I was there to pay respect to these innocent peacekeepers. I remember the monuments floodlit ramp, a hush during Romes normally chaotic rush hour, a long line to gain the chapel at the top.

    I also remember that even last night, as part of the visitors file up the ramp, I did sense a just-something wrong. Lying beneath the eerie illumination, the Vittorianos vast stairs were carpeted in cellophaned bouquets that struck a nearly gay and festive note. Most of us spent an hour in the climb, our unnatural company the colorful floral sea covering each step. On the stair ahead of me an elderly man in oversized tweed coat twice stumbled tiredly on the long ramp. In the group behind, a throng of black jacket teens waited in absolute silence. We were all without speech. During the night, only the ghastly cellophane glints loudly declaimed.

    Arriving at last in the sacrario we were met by rows of bereaved family and friends sitting out their long vigil at the nineteen flag-draped coffins. As we passed the biers, hands unfamiliar with the dead placed tokens on the coffins. There were long-stemmed roses, an olive branch, photos of Mother Teresa of Calcutta, even a few snapshots of the anonymous passing mourners in better times and climes. There was a hint of melodrama, of sensationalism, in that unexamined display of personal sentiment. A few in passing made the traditional sign of the cross. Later I learned that the Government had ordered twenty-five thousand rosaries as free gift to visitors, and that the supply was exhausted in a few hours. It made an unuseful handout, since the allotted passage time was not nearly long enough to tell the beads. What were these twenty-five thousand rosaries for then? Government sponsored event-souvenirs?

    My attention switches from last nights mixed memories back to the screen. Cardinal Ruini in his red cap concludes the televised funeral mass. The solemn crowd disperses, and soberly the coverage closes. But as I spread Tuesdays Italian newspapers on the kitchen table and sort their headlines I see that some hundreds of thousands at the Vittoriano is the official print number. English language newspapers later refer to less: thousands upon thousands. A viable number for the site and the time-frame would be two to three hundred thousand. How did the Italian media keep its head in coverage and so hugely miss the head count?
    Where did the media get detoured?

    A suggestive clue arrives in a late Tuesday afternoon broadcast. Its a TV roundup of clips filmed during this national event. Dignitaries, flags, biers. Great, awe-filled silences, as the balloon of national consciousness fills and grows. And theres something else, which adds to the unsettling impressions rooted in those bright floral packets on the night stairs. One by one the clips reveal a minor but real thread of private hysteria within the vast and somber public emotion.

    Assorted shots examine the kilometers-long procession from Piazza Venezia to St. Pauls. Cameras focus on individual faces lining the funeral route. There, seemingly average Italian citizens are moved to toss flowers or applaud as the coffins pass. Its a show of personal emotional hard to explain in a solemn moment. Not a few figures even step forward to lay their hands on the passing coffins. As they touch the biers, the camera catches their faces. Here are gestures identical to those in saintly pictures familiar from old Italian church art: heads thrown back, eyeballs rolled to heaven, mouths slack.

    A section of the roundup highlights first person interviews of single citizens: at the Vittoriano through Monday morning to Tuesday dawn; along the procession route Tuesday. All of these strangers to the dead carabinieri express a deep grieving. And many sob. Through extensive funeral honors and rites, an unexpected and dramatic nationalist sentiment has come to the fore. For the moment, those regional rifts characteristic of Italian politics are healed over. Politicians, intellectuals, the man in the street all speak of the Nation, Our Nation.

    Yet after the commemorative speeches have reconfirmed Italian Unity and Pride, a few questions nag. When the TV cameras have turned to other drama, its going to be hard to forget those anonymous mourners in tears, or those in poses of mimed martyrdom. What political forces will be tempted to exploit that public segment suddenly capable of such tinderbox emotion in the name of Nation? What social contours will the call to Patria take in Italy in the near future? The Nassiriya massacre has been a serious event, its best for all of us living in Italy that its memory remain so.

    originally posted by: Pat Fogarty

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  • A Family Affair

    Published January 16th, 2006 by English Yellow Pages
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    Maria

    I was on the “Traghetto”, the ferry that connected the island of Marettimo to the mainland. The boat heaved through the waves, pounding on the blue waters. Above, flocks of seagulls swirled around in lazy circles, enjoying the warm morning sun. Beside me, the headlines of a leftover newspaper grabbed my attention.

    ‘Mafia strikes again. More civilians killed in Palermo’

    ‘Government promises to strengthen security measures.’

    ‘Outrage at public killings!’

    In the article, the journalist spoke about local gangs who were at war with each other, fighting for the control of lucrative drug deals. Their mutual loathing and inner power struggles had turned into a public spectacle as they exterminated each other in the streets of Naples and Palermo, killing many innocent bystanders during vicious gun battles. As a result, many local gangs had lost control of their territories. The article hinted how Albanian criminals were planning to take advantage of the situation, hoping to extend their own drug trafficking territory. Rumours spoke about a possible meeting with Michlevik, the Albanian drug lord and fallen mafia bosses to discuss possible alliances. Special police squads had been assigned to regain control of the situation which meant their spies were probably crawling everywhere. I replaced the newspaper on the table. None of what was reported as new to me. My family and I knew the Albanians very well.

    Above me, the horn of the Traghetto hooted twice. We were about to arrive. I approached the white railings to get a better view of the island. Marettimo was named after the wild bushes of rosemary and thyme which covered its mountainous slopes. They reached into the blue waters like dark green fingers. A small fishing village huddled around the base of Monte Falcone which stood shrouded in white clouds. Its steep rocky outcrops offered protection to the small grey falcons which nested there. I knew this island well; I was born here twenty years ago and was glad to be back after all those years. It was time to descend. I heaved my heavy rucksack and moved towards the exit with the other passengers.

    The sun was higher now; I could feel the burn on my shoulders. Rivulets of sweat trickled down my armpits. Around me, crowds of relatives were loudly hugging and kissing, though no one recognised me as many years had passed. I followed the other passengers along the pier, looking at the boats tied below. The island’s main sources of income were tourism and fishing. To the few hundred people who lived here during the year, boats were considered a prize possession. Each boat was unique in style. Their owners painted them in bright colours, blue, yellow or red and named each one with care as they were passed on from generation to generation. Gaia. Giuseppina. L’Amaretto, I admired them as I walked along. To my left, a rusty blue sign indicating “La Nave” creaked as it swung on its hook. I decided I could do with a cool drink.

    Rock music blared from the bar entrance. I knew the place well, as this used to be one of Fathers’ favourite drinking spots. It had changed enormously. It was now a tourist haunt with dolphins and colourful fish painted along the walls. Inside, the stink of stale cigarette smoke accompanied me as I ordered a tuna sandwich and a “granita”, peppermint syrup with crushed ice. The coolness was a welcome respite after the overbearing heat. My reflection bounced off the mirrors behind the bar, long tangled hair, flashing green eyes, and sweaty perspiration marks under my arms. Tension had etched lines across my forehead. .

    I moved to a quiet corner to enjoy my meal, mulling over my childhood memories. My father had been a fisherman, as his father before him, and his grandfather before that. Our means were modest, so both our parents worked hard to maintain our family. My mother, a petite taciturn woman, always dressed in black even during the scorching months, used to work as a cook in one of the local guest houses in summer. Father was a tall stocky man, with piercing green eyes and a thick black beard. When he was not out at sea, he spent most of his time drinking wine or beer in bars with other fishermen among where he was famous for two things, his ability to pick good fishing spots and his stubborn character.

    I could almost hear him boasting to my mother. “You’ll see, Maria. They’ll become important men one day. Not stupid fishermen like the rest of us. My sons will make the Tonelli family proud. They’ll show these poor island people who we truly are.” Although the Tonelli’s had been fishermen for many generations, Father had grander ideas for his own family. He had decided to send both my brothers, Carmelo and Ignacio, to a boarding school on the mainland.

    “Giovanni, you ego is bloated like rotted fish gut”, she snapped back. “Tell me, where will the money come from? Tell me! You think I work like a dog so you can send my children away from me?” She raged at him. “You’re so full of yourself. Look,” she would point at his ragged appearance and callused hands, “just take a look at you! You’re a poor fisherman, Giovanni. Have you no shame to make your family the laughing stock of the village?”

    “These are my sons, woman,” he shouted back. “And you do as I say.” He’d stomp off fuming, usually coming here to the Nave to drink with his friends. At least with them he could boast all he wanted.

    Their violent arguments made no difference to Father. Eventually, my mother gave in, but they hardly ever spoke to each other after that. After graduating from professional schools, both my brothers remained on the mainland to work in white collar jobs, thus fulfilling Father’s ambition. However, his pride was short lived. Their tragic deaths completely destroyed my family.

    Uncle Salvatore, Father’s brother, arrived early one morning from the mainland. He was very agitated. He said he had some urgent news and wished to speak to Father in person. Mother was away at work so I was sent to fetch Father who was mending his nets on the beach below our house. Uncle Salvatore stood in the centre of the room, pulling at his hat as if he wanted to tear it to pieces. I crouched behind the sofa, curious to hear what he had to say.

    ‘Your sons, Giovanni. They were shot. Gunned down like rats!’ Father stared at him without saying a word. His silence hung in the air, invading the small room with a feeling of dread. Uncle hurried on with his explanations.

    ‘They say that Ignacio stole lots of money. He gambled you know. I knew about it. I tried to talk to him, but he wouldn’t listen. He stole from the wrong people, Giovanni. Those Albanians are like animals’ his voice wavered. ‘When he couldn’t pay them back, those pigs shot him down. And to make sure the lesson was clear, they tracked down Carmelo.’ Salvatore grabbed my Father’s arms as if trying to elicit some kind of response. ‘They shot him as well. In cold blood.’ Uncle made the sign of the cross. Father carried on staring at him, in silence. Than, he turned on his heels and left the room without saying another word. I lay behind the sofa, trying to comprehend what I had just heard. Father informed my Mother. She never recovered from the shock and died a few weeks later from a sudden and unexpected heart attack. After that Father never spoke a word to anyone again. One day, his fishing boat was discovered abandoned at sea with all his fishing gear still intact. His body was never retrieved.

    I was orphaned at fifteen and went to live on the mainland with Uncle Salvatore and his family. To make sure I was safe, he changed my name to conceal my identity. Right after Mother’s funeral, Uncle Salvatore had taken me aside. “If it weren’t for me, you would now be married to some poor stinking fisherman, splitting fish guts at the market for peanuts! Now you live in luxury, thanks to me.” He swept the rooms of his vast house with a wide gesture. The sun, shining through the window illuminated his bald head and small greedy eyes. “You’re a very lucky girl. You know that don’t you?” he waved his fat fingers in my face.

    I smiled meekly." Yes, Uncle. Thank you."

    “Good girl! We Tonelli’s always stand united’Eunderstand? Look at your Father, a fine man’Ea very fine man. And those Alabamians swine killed his sons,” he spat with contempt. "But soon they’ll see Maria. Remember this, Maria. One day, I will find a way and they will pay.’ He chuckled at his private joke.

    The music in the bar changed tempo. I shook my head; it was time to move on. Stepping outside into the afternoon glare, I decided to have a look around. I still had some time before evening came, plus walking would help soothe my nerves. I turned to the right, along the road which led into the mountains. I was tired but I wanted to make sure all my bearings were still correct. Along the rocky path, bushes of wild thyme and rosemary grew in abundance. My senses were assailed by their pungent scent. The early blossoms, a token of early spring showers, would soon be gone, scorched by the fierce sun. Father and I had often used this route when I was a little girl. He pointed at the herbs and berries as we passed by.

    “You see, Maria, when local doctors were unable to come here by boat, we had to find own remedies. Even those doctors knew nothing about our herbs. Before, women would come here to pick herbs to tend the sick. Now, for a simple cold they rush to the hospital to pay hundreds of lira! Pah! A bunch of faint hearted islanders that’s what they are. Remember, Maria, we Tonellis are different. We are strong.” He thumped his chest when he said this.

    “Yes papa.” Id’ shuffle my feet, awed by the character of my family. I wondered if my brothers knew about this as well. Father never spoke about them to me Instead, he taught what he knew. He was also a skilled hunter who knew the mountainous slopes like the back of his hand. During our walks, he showed me how to locate vipers under giant boulders, or follow the tracks of wild animals to find their secret hiding spots. I loved stalking wild game, and shooting. It became our shared secret. Father patiently nourished my skill, until under his careful guidance I became an accomplished sharpshooter.

    “Always remember, Maria, suffering is abominable. Shoot to kill, never to maim. Even if you’re afraid, stand your ground to aim carefully. A good hunter overcomes his fear and kills quickly. If not”, he paused, looking at the ocean below, “he stays away from the mountains and sticks to fishing.”

    “Yes papa.” I replied diligently, proud to share such a secret with him. I was only twelve the first time he handed me his Remington shotgun, but I still recall the feeling of love at first sight. Hunting was my way of earning attention from Father and I did not want to disappoint him. With a single shot, I was able to bring down my prey, even in dire weather conditions. Even now, I missed the feel of his rough hands when he ruffled my hair after a good shot. If Father was proud of my ability, he never let it show. “You have good Tonelli blood,” was his only comment at my skill. It was only years later, that I found out from Uncle Salvatore that Father had shared our secret with him.

    As I walked I blinked my tears away. I wished Father was still around to tell me what I should do. I felt guilty for misusing his guidance. What would he have thought about me now? But it was also my duty to fulfil a family obligation. Hadn’t Uncle made that clear? During our last conversation, his words drummed into me

    He had summoned me into his study. It was gloomy; the heavy velvet drapes were closed even though it was still daylight outside. The musty smell of books filled the room. Uncle leaned over the heavy wooden desk. "Maria, my child, you know how much I love you? I have helped you, clothed and fed you. Like a loving father.’ He patted his fat stomach, pleased with himself. ‘Now it is your turn to help me. Family is everything, Maria. Without each other, we are nothing. Your father would have wanted you to honour your family. Don’t you think so?’

    I nodded, wondering what was coming next. I despised this man but I owed my life to him. He was also my Father’s brother. Father had always told me that Tonelli blood was strong and how we should stick together.

    ‘Good. I have a small mission for you. Nothing complicated.’ He pushed a photograph over the desk. ‘This is the man who offended your family. Now he must pay for what he has done. You are the only one who can do it.’

    I picked it up, unsure of what he was saying. ‘You mean you want me to ’E’ he nodded. I choked. ’But’EI cannot do that! Father always said ‘E.he interrupted me. ’Your father is no longer here.’ He leaned forward, his cold eyes drilling into mine. ‘Child, you owe this to your family’ he paused. ‘And to your brothers.’

    I struggled for something to say. He continued. ‘Remember we are Tonelli. If someone offends one of us, he offends the family. Do you understand?’ He sounded menacing. ‘Look at me. Do you understand?’ I nodded, unable to speak. He quickly filled me in on the details of the operation.

    16.30. It was time to find my next destination, Via Dante, number 23. It turned out to be a cramped apartment with a small blue and white tiled kitchen tucked away in a corner of the room. Next to the entrance a sagging sofa lay beneath a badly sketched black and white wall painting representing Marettimo under the setting sun. In the tiny bedroom, crisp, white cotton sheets covered the big double bed. I fell asleep instantly under the clean sheets.
    In my dream, Father was standing beside a small door that was too small for him to pass through. He was trying to make me enter, but I resisted with all my might.

    He shouted, “Do as I say Maria. Do you hear me? Obey me now, go through.” He kept pushing me forward, forcing my head down so I could enter. From the other side of the door, I heard my brother’s voices.

    Don’t do it. Maria." “Don’t!” They sounded angry, yelling at me to stay outside and not to open the door. Ignacio, my youngest brother was screaming at me, but I didn’t understand his words.
    “Yes, Papa. Please don’t hurt me” My voice resonated loudly inside my head. Then the sound of a loud crash.
    I awoke with a thumping heart, my face covered with sweat. 18h30. I sat up between the crumpled sheets. Outside, strong gusts of wind pounded a wooden shutter against the wall. I was disturbed by my dream. As children, Carmelo, Ignacio and I had always obeyed Father. We never questioned his motives, even when he sent my brothers away. The usual doubts assailed me. Would they still be alive if they had disobeyed Father’s wishes? What were they trying to tell me in my dream?

    I moved towards the shower hoping cool water would help clear my head. Emerging a few moments later, I stopped in front of the bathroom mirror, staring back at my reflection; wet blonde hair pulled into a tight ponytail, cold, hard eyes. Once again my brother’s voices echoed inside my head. Were they trying to tell me something about myself? I wondered if my brothers were asking for revenge or if they were begging me to forget the past and to start living my life? I shook my head, pulling away from the mirror. I had a job to do. I opened my rucksack and set to work.

    Clad in my climbing gear, I silently made my way through the back streets of the village. A loud clamour emerged from the open windows; the clatter of dishes, parents yelling at their children, and the high volume of TV sets merged together as families gathered together for dinner. The smell of fried fish and onions hung in the air. I was hoping to get away unnoticed, until I heard a small sound behind me. I turned swiftly, coming face to face with a small child cowering in a dark, narrow doorway. As he saw me, he instantly buried his face behind his grubby fingers. I was worried he would begin to cry.

    “Giovanni! Where are you? Gio? Come here at once!” A woman shouted from the open windows above our heads, then the sound of rapidly descending footsteps. She was on her way to find him.

    “Ssshhhh” I mouthed to him as I slipped away quickly, melting into the shadows. When I reached the mountain trails the stinging smell of wild thyme overwhelmed my nostrils. I began my climb, treading carefully over the rocky terrain, along familiar paths that I had walked many years ago with Father. The setting sun illuminated the whole mountainside in shades of crimson and gold. Hanging over the dark blue ocean, it seemed to be suspended in space. I had little time to revel in the scenery. It would soon be dark; I needed to hurry to reach my destination. I hiked higher into the dense shrub which hid me well from the village below. Small rodents called out to each other as they scurried away, unseen in the gathering dusk. I went higher, using sure footholds, until I reach a small rocky outcrop. On one side, a sheer cliff of cold granite plunged into the dark foaming waves beneath; on the other, the huge granite block disguised a small hiding place concealed by thick fragrant bushes.

    Crawling on my belly, I settled into the tight space. My heart was pounding and my palms were slippery with tension. I kept asking myself if I could carry this out on my own. I tried to relax my tense muscles. Fear rose to my throat as I heard the faint sound of a throbbing outboard motor. A few minutes later, the sound of rubber scraping against rocks indicated that a party had just landed on the beach below. The sound of approaching voices and heavy footsteps became clearer as the party reached the small clearing. I could also hear the clink of bottles being passed around. Crouching lower, I peered into my binoculars, spying a group of six men standing close together. I recognised Michlevik from the photo; a small man with a thin emaciated face. As he wiped his mouth with the sleeve of his shirt, I clearly saw his eyes. He had arrived in Italy as a young refugee from Albania. It had only taken him only a few years to carve a fortune for himself by taking control of most drug rings in Southern Italy. It was rumoured he was cruel, murdering anyone who tried to oppose his ascension. His men stood closely around him. Suddenly a voice from within the group made my blood freeze.

    “No discussions Mica. Like we agreed. Remember?” A voice with an Italian accent, one I knew very well.

    “You think I’m stupid?” Michlevik retorted in anger. "You follow what I say, ok? Then a spate of words in Albanian as he ordered his men around.

    “Ok Mica, whatever you say.’ The voice was calmer now, as if trying to soothe him. Both men moved away.

    I was in shock. It couldn’t be. I fought my nausea and my urge to pull aside the branches so I could get a better view. I struggled with my emotions as my mind screamed, “It can’t be!” but I would recognize that voice anywhere. Inside my head the same voice called out during my dream, “Maria don’t!” My hands slipped. I couldn’t do this.

    “You Must!” Uncle’s voice hissed inside my head. “You’re a Tonelli”.

    Ignacio

    Bouncing at the back of the zodiac, I stared at Michlevik’s profile as we approached the meeting place on the beach. Above us, the cliffs of Marettimo loomed in the darkness. I felt little emotion returning to the place of my birth. Memories were still too painful.

    I hoped that my intentions remained hidden to Michlevik. Lately, stress had made me careless. I was impatient for my mission to end, but caution invited me to remain alert until the end. Three years ago, my unit had been ordered to infiltrate Michlevik’s gang. I had slowly moved through the ranks of his organisation, until I became his second in command. I passed on any confidential information I could get my hands on to other undercover agents working for the Italian government. A wrong move at this moment could cost me not only my life, but also that of several men and women who were involved in the operation.

    Michlevik would not hesitate to kill me. All his henchmen were ex-mercenaries, hired to execute without asking questions, as they did when they murdered Carmelo. I had witnessed his killing, trapped in a nearby car between two henchmen. His assassination had been orchestrated by Michlevik as part of my initiation into his gang. I hadn’t known about his intentions until I saw Carmelo. I had sat petrified in the back seat as I watched my brother’s execution, fighting to control myself. At the slightest sign of weakness these ruthless killers would have killed me as well as all the members of my family. I wondered what Father would have thought if he had known about my work. The old man had always liked to boast about us. Instead, I ended up killing his eldest son. I pushed the thought way. The zodiac scraped over the rocks on beach below: We had reached our meeting point.

    As we waited for the others to arrive, I tried to focus. My superiors intended to end this mission tonight. We had prepared everything in detail for the final showdown. Each one knew what they had to do. Michlevik interrupted my thoughts.

    “Hey Nazio, brother. Hey!” He was snapping his fingers in my face, seeking a response. I reacted quickly.

    “Va bene, Mica! Good. No more discussions.” The effort to mimic relief made my words tumble out fast. I turned away to hide my face.

    “Hey, Pietr,” I ordered in a gruff voice, “Over here, bring some beer.”

    Pietr’s voice was already thick with booze and drugs, like that of the most of the men around me. I hoped the meeting will go smoothly. We had gathered enough evidence to keep the man behind bars for a few centuries. I had been promised that this was to be my last assignment. After that, a cushy job in some state office. Peace, finally. A boat was approaching. We crouched with our guns ready.

    Two signals in rapid succession with the torchlight. A pause, then three more flashes. Pause. Two more. Tonight, Milos was on time. He was probably with Caruso, one of the spies who worked for Michlevik. He had been providing the Albanian with precious information regarding the local smuggling operations. Figures jumped out of the zodiac as if in a hurry to commence the discussions. As they reached the clearing, Michlevik stepped forward to greet them. At that instant, a single shot exploded, and Michlevik screamed, cupping his cheek. The bullet exited from the other side of his skull, shattering the bones beneath. He dropped dead. For a few seconds, both groups remained stunned. Then guns roared into action. In the darkness, it was difficult to make out who was friend or foe. I dived into the bushes, clawing at the surrounding bushes to get out of the way of flying bullets. Close by, Caruso shrieked. A bullet smashed his knee cap. He stumbled and toppled screaming into the sea below. As abruptly as it had happened, the shooting came to an end. In the clearing, dead bodies were sprawled everywhere.
    Some of the survivors tried to reach the abandoned boats on the beach below. A few more shots exploded, then silence. I lay dazed in the darkness. The mission was finally over; it was time to make my getaway.

    Maria and Ignacio

    Maria lay in shock. Who had fired? She hadn’t been able to pull the trigger. Something stronger than family duty had restrained her from committing murder. She couldn’t do this to the memory of her Father. She knew he would have understood. Trembling, her fingers clutching at her pistol, she wished she had never listened to Uncle Salvatore. Whatever these men had done to her brothers, it was not for her to make them pay. Crouching in the dark, she waited for the right moment to slip away. The wind had picked up, making the bushes above her swirl around in furious circles. She crawled out cautiously. Rustling bushes covered the sound of her body as she slithered over the ground. At the same instant, from the other side of the clearing, a figure darted away. She crouched lower, not wishing to be seen. She knew what she had to do.

    Ignacio stood up slowly, feeling unprotected in the open space. As he took a step forward, cold metal pressed against the side of his neck. His heart felt it would explode. Turning to meet the gunman, he struggled to keep his anger in check.

    “Please.” he put my bloodied hands in the air, “I’m unarmed.” The gun fell away. A balaclava covered the face. From the holes of the mask, the eyes were still, watchful.

    I’E/ I ’E/ he struggled for words. Anger spilled over. “And just who in the hell are you!” he demanded, his voice shaking with emotion. In the ensuing silence, the faint click of the barrel sounded again. Closing his eyes, he was grateful for one thing. Michlevik was dead.

    A female voice. “Ignacio?” His eyes flew open in surprise. The balaclava was off. Blonde hair pulled back in a ponytail. Through the tendrils, green eyes flashed back at him.

    “Who are you?” His voice was harsh.

    “Maria.” She paused. “Your sister.” We stared at each other. ‘How can you still be alive?’ Uncle said you had died ’E Father ’E ’

    Just than a shot rung out. She collapsed over him, blood oozing from a hole in her back. Ignacio looked at her in disbelief.

    ’Ignacio! Over here. Thank God, We saved you in time." from the other side of the clearing, his colleague, Manuel, strode towards him.

    originally posted by: Shirley Soodeen

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  • A Family Affair

    Published September 5th, 2005 by English Yellow Pages
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    Shirley Soodeen was born in Tanzania and has spent her childhood living on various continents. She has worked in the human resources development field for over ten years dealing with intercultural and people management issues. In her collection of short stories, Life and I, she explores how certain choices can unknowingly ruin a person’s life. For the moment she resides in Italy.

    A Family Affair

    Maria

    I was on the “Traghetto”, the ferry that connected the island of Marettimo to the mainland. The boat heaved through the waves, pounding hard on the blue waters. Above, flocks of seagulls swirled around in lazy circles, enjoying the warm morning sun. I looked away. Beside me, the headlines of a leftover newspaper grabbed my attention.

    Mafia strikes again. More civilians killed in Palermo

    Government promises to strengthen security measures.

    Outrage at public killings!

    I picked up the stained pages. In the article, the journalist explained how local gangs had been secretly warring with each other, fighting for the control of lucrative drug deals. Their mutual loathing and inner power struggles had turned into a public spectacle. Gangs were exterminating each other in the streets of Naples and Palermo, killing many innocent bystanders during vicious gun battles. As a result, many local gangs had lost control of their territories. The article hinted about Albanian criminals who were planning to take advantage of the situation, hoping to extend their own drug trafficking territory. Rumours spoke about a meeting with their boss, Michlevik, and former bosses to discuss possible alliances. It also mentioned that special police squads had been assigned to regain control of the situation. Their spies were probably crawling everywhere. I replaced the newspaper on the table. None of what was reported as new to me. My family and I knew the Albanians very well.

    Above me, the horn of the Traghetto hooted twice. We were about to arrive. I approached the white railings to get a better view of the island. Marettimo was named after the wild bushes of wild rosemary and thyme which covered its mountainous slopes. They reached into the blue waters like dark green fingers. A small fishing village huddled around the base of Monte Falcone which stood shrouded in white clouds. Its steep rocky outcrops offered protection to the small grey falcons which nested there. I knew this island well; I was born here twenty years ago and was glad to be back after all those years. It was time to descend. I heaved my heavy rucksack and moved towards the exit with the other passengers.

    The sun was higher now; I could feel the burn on my shoulders. Rivulets of sweat trickled down my armpits. Around me, crowds of relatives were loudly hugging and kissing, though no one recognised me as many years had passed. I followed the other passengers along the pier, looking at the boats tied below. The island’s main sources of income were tourism and fishing. To the few hundred people who lived here during the year, boats were considered a prize possession. Each boat was unique in style. Their owners painted them in bright colours, blue, yellow or red and named each one with care as they were passed on from generation to generation. Gaia. Giuseppina. L’Amaretto, I admired them as I walked along. To my left , a rusty blue sign indicating “La Nave”, creaked as it swung on its hook. I decided I could do with a cool drink.

    Rock music blared from the bar entrance. I knew the place well, as this used to be one of Fathers’ favourite drinking spots. It had changed enormously. It was now a tourist haunt with dolphins and colourful fish painted along the walls. Inside, the stink of stale cigarette smoke accompanied me as I ordered a tuna sandwich and a “granita”, peppermint syrup with crushed ice. The coolness was a welcome respite after the overbearing heat. I moved to a quiet corner to enjoy my meal. My reflection bounced off the mirrors behind the bar, long tangled hair, flashing green eyes, and sweaty perspiration marks under my arms. Tension had etched lines across my forehead. .

    Sitting in the bar, I thought about my childhood memories. My father had been a fisherman, as his father before him, and his grandfather before that. Our means were modest, so both our parents worked hard to maintain our family. My mother, a petite taciturn woman, always dressed in black even during the scorching months, used to work as a cook in one of the local guest houses in summer. Father was a tall stocky man, with piercing green eyes and a thick black beard. When he was not out at sea, he spent most of his time drinking wine or beer in bars with other fishermen among where he was famous for two things, his ability to pick good fishing spots and his stubborn character.

    I could almost hear him boasting to my mother. “You’ll see, Maria. They’ll become important men one day. Not stupid fishermen like the rest of us. My sons will make the Tonelli family proud. They’ll show these poor island people who we truly are.” Although the Tonelli’s had been fishermen for many generations, Father had grander ideas for his own family. He had decided to send both my brothers, Carmelo and Ignacio, to a boarding school on the mainland.

    “Giovanni, you ego is as bloated as rotted fish gut”, she snapped back. “Tell me, where will the money come from? Tell me! You think I work like a dog so you can send my children away from me?” She raged at him. “You’re so full of yourself. Look,” she would point at his ragged appearance and callused hands, “just take a look at you! You’re a poor fisherman, Giovanni. Have you no shame to make your family the laughing stock of the village?”

    “These are my sons, woman,” he shouted back. “And you do as I say.” He’d stomp off fuming, usually coming here to the Nave to drink with his friends. At least with them he could boast all he wanted.

    Their violent arguments made no difference to Father. Eventually, my mother gave in, but they hardly ever spoke to each other after that.
    After graduating from professional schools, both my brothers remained on the mainland to work in white collar jobs, thus fulfilling Father’s ambition. However, his pride was short lived. Their tragic deaths completely destroyed my family.

    Uncle Salvatore, Father’s brother, arrived early one morning from the mainland. He was very agitated. He said he had some urgent news and wished to speak to Father in person. Mother was away at work so I was sent to fetch Father who was mending his nets on the beach below our house. Uncle Salvatore stood in the centre of the room, pulling at his hat as if he wanted to tear it to pieces. I crouched behind the sofa, curious about what he had to say.

    Your sons, Giovanni. They were shot. Gunned down like rats! Father stared at him with his piercing eyes, without saying a word. His silence hung in the air, invading the small room with a feeling of dread. Uncle hurried on with his explanations.

    They say that Ignacio stole lots of money. He gambled you know. I knew about it. I tried to talk to him, but he wouldn’t listen. He stole from the wrong people, Giovanni. Those Albanians are like animals his voice wavered. When he couldn’t pay them back, those pigs shot him down. And to make sure the lesson was clear, they tracked down Carmelo. Salvatore grabbed my Father’s arms as if trying to elicit some kind of response. They shot him as well. In cold blood. Uncle made the sign of the cross. Father carried on staring at him, in silence. Than, he turned on his heels and left the room without saying another word. I lay behind the sofa, trying to comprehend what I had just heard. Father informed my Mother. She never recovered from the shock and died a few weeks later from a sudden and unexpected heart attack. After that Father never spoke a word to anyone again. One day, his fishing boat was discovered abandoned at sea with all his fishing gear still intact. His body was never retrieved.

    I was orphaned at fifteen and went to live on the mainland with Uncle Salvatore and his family. To make sure I was safe, he changed my name to conceal my identity. Right after Mother’s funeral, Uncle Salvatore had taken me aside. “If it weren’t for me, you would now be married to some poor stinking fisherman, splitting fish guts at the market for peanuts! Now you live in luxury, thanks to me.” He swept the rooms of his vast house with a wide gesture. The sun, shining through the window illuminated his bald head and small greedy eyes. “You’re a very lucky girl. You know that don’t you?” he waved his fat fingers in my face.

    I smiled meekly." Yes, Uncle. Thank you."

    “Good girl! We Tonelli’s always stand unitedunderstand? Look at your Father, a fine mana very fine man. And those Alabanians swine killed his sons,” he spat with contempt. "But soon they’ll see Maria. Remember this, Maria. One day, I will find a way and they will pay. He chuckled at his private joke.

    The music in the bar changed tempo. I shook my head, it was time to move on. Stepping outside into the afternoon glare, I decided to have a look around. I still had some time before evening came, plus walking would help soothe my nerves. I turned to the right, along the road which led into the mountains. I was tired but I wanted to make sure all my bearings were still correct. Along the rocky path, bushes of wild thyme and rosemary grew in abundance. My senses were assailed by their pungent scent. The early blossoms, a token of early spring showers, would soon be gone, scorched by the fierce sun. Father and I had often used this route when I was a little girl. He pointed at the herbs and berries as we passed by.

    “You see, Maria, when local doctors were unable to come here by boat, we had to find own remedies. Even those doctors knew nothing about our herbs. Before, women would come here to pick herbs to tend the sick. Now, for a simple cold they rush to the hospital to pay hundreds of lira! Pah! A bunch of faint hearted islanders that’s what they are. Remember, Maria, we Tonellis are different. We are strong.” He thumped his chest when he said this.

    “Yes papa.” Id’ shuffle my feet, awed by the character of my family. I wondered if my brothers knew about thsi as well. Father never spoke about them to me Instead, he taught what he knew. He was also a skilled hunter who knew the mountainous slopes like the back of his hand. During our walks, he showed me how to locate vipers under giant boulders, or follow the tracks of wild animals to find their secret hiding spots. I loved stalking wild game, and shooting. It became our shared secret. Father patiently nourished my skill, until under his careful guidance I became an accomplished sharpshooter.

    “Always remember, Maria, suffering is abominable. Shoot to kill, never to maim. Even if you’re afraid, stand your ground to aim carefully. A good hunter overcomes his fear and kills quickly. If not”, he paused, looking at the ocean below, “he stays away from the mountains and sticks to fishing.”

    “Yes papa.” I replied diligently, proud to share such a secret with him. I was only twelve the first time he handed me his Remington shotgun, but I still recall the feeling of love at first sight. Hunting was my way of earning attention from Father and I did not want to disappoint him. With a single shot, I was able to bring down my prey, even in dire weather conditions. Even now, I still missed the feel of his rough hands over my head when he ruffled my hair after a good shot. If Father was proud of my ability, he never let it show. “You have good Tonelli blood,” was his only comment at my skill. It was only years later, that I found out from Uncle Salvatore that Father had shared our secret with him.

    I blinked my tears away. I wished Father was still around to tell me what I should do. I felt guilty for misusing his guidance. What would he have thought about me now? I reminded myself that it was my duty to fulfil a family obligation. Hadn’t Uncle made that clear? During our last conversation, his words drummed into me

    He had summoned me into his study. It was gloomy; the heavy velvet drapes were closed even though it was still daylight outside. The musty smell of books filled the room. Uncle leaned over the heavy wooden desk. "Maria, my child, you know how much I love you? I have helped you, clothed and fed you. Like a loving father. He patted his fat stomach, pleased with himself. Now it is your turn to help me. Family is everything, Maria. Without each other, we are nothing. Your father would have wanted you to honour your family. Don’t you think so?

    I nodded, wondering what was coming next. I despised this man but I owed my life to him. He was also my Father’s brother. Father had always told me that Tonelli blood was strong and how we should stick together.

    Good. I have a small mission for you. Nothing complicated. He pushed a photograph over the desk. This is the man who offended your family. Now he must pay for what he has done. You are the only one who can do it.

    I picked it up, unsure of what he was saying. You mean you want me to he nodded. I choked. ButI cannot do that! Father always said .he interrupted me. Your father is no longer here. He leaned forward, his cold eyes drilling into mine. Child, you owe this to your family he paused. And to your brothers.

    I struggled for something to say. He continued. Remember we are Tonelli. If someone offends one of us, he offends the family. Do you understand? He sounded menacing. Look at me. Do you understand? I nodded, unable to speak. He quickly filled me in on the details of the operation.

    16.30. It was time to find my next destination, Via Dante, number 23. it turned out to be a cramped apartment with a small blue and white tiled kitchen tucked away in a corner of the room. Next to the entrance a sagging sofa lay beneath a badly sketched black and white wall painting representing Marettimo under the setting sun. In the tiny bedroom, crisp, white cotton sheets covered the big double bed. I fell asleep instantly under the clean sheets.
    In my dream, Father was standing beside a small door that was too small for him to pass through. He was trying to make me enter, but I resisted with all my might.

    He shouted, “Do as I say Maria. Do you hear me? Obey me now, go through.” He kept pushing me forward, forcing my head down so I could enter. From the other side of the door, I heard my brother’s voices.

    Don’t do it. Maria." “Don’t!” They sounded angry, yelling at me to stay outside and not to open the door. Ignacio, my youngest brother was screaming at me, but I didn’t understand his words.
    “Yes, Papa. Please don’t hurt me” My voice resonated loudly inside my head. Then a loud crash.
    I awoke with a thumping heart, my face covered with sweat. 18h30. I sat up between the crumpled sheets. Outside, strong gusts of wind pounded a wooden shutter against the wall. I was disturbed by my dream. As children, Carmelo, Ignacio and I had always obeyed Father. We never questioned his motives, even when he sent my brothers away. The usual doubts assailed me. Would they still be alive if they had disobeyed Father’s wishes? What were they trying to tell me in my dream?

    I moved towards the shower hoping cool water would help clear my head. Emerging a few moments later, I stopped in front of the bathroom mirror, staring back at my reflection; wet blonde hair pulled into a tight ponytail, cold, hard eyes. Once again my brother’s voices echoed inside my head. Were they trying to tell me something about myself? I wondered if my brothers were asking for revenge or if they were begging me to forget the past and to start living my life? I shook my head, pulling away from the mirror. I had a job to do. I opened my rucksack and set to work.

    Clad in my climbing gear, I silently made my way through the back streets of the village. A loud clamour emerged from the open windows; the clatter of dishes, parents yelling at their children, and the high volume of TV sets merged together as families gathered together for dinner. The smell of fried fish and onions hung in the air. I was hoping to get away unnoticed, until I heard a small sound behind me. I turned swiftly, coming face to face with a small child cowering in a dark, narrow doorway. As he saw me, he instantly buried his face behind his grubby fingers. I was worried he would begin to cry.

    “Giovanni! Where are you? Gio? Come here at once!” A woman shouted from the open windows above our heads, then the sound of rapidly descending footsteps. She was on her way to find him.

    “Ssshhhh” I mouthed to him as I slipped away quickly, melting into the shadows. When I reached the mountain trails the stinging smell of wild thyme overwhelmed my nostrils.
    I began my climb, treading carefully over the rocky terrain, along familiar paths that I had walked many years ago with Father. The setting sun illuminated the whole mountainside in shades of crimson and gold. Hanging over the dark blue ocean, it seemed to be suspended in space. I had little time to revel in the scenery. It would soon be dark; I needed to hurry to reach my destination. I hiked higher into the dense shrub which hid me well from the village below,. Small rodents called out to each other as they scurried away, unseen in the gathering dusk. I went higher, using sure footholds, until I reach a small rocky outcrop. On one side, a sheer cliff of cold granite plunged into the dark foaming waves beneath; on the other, the huge granite block disguised a small hiding place concealed by thick fragrant bushes.

    Crawling on my belly, I settled into the tight space. My heart was pounding and my palms were slippery with tension. I kept asking myself if I could carry this out on my own. I tried to relax my tense muscles. Fear rose to my throat as I heard the faint sound of a throbbing outboard motor. A few minutes later, the sound of rubber scraping against rocks indicated that a party had just landed on the beach below. The sound of approaching voices and heavy footsteps became clearer as the party reached the small clearing. I could also hear the clink of bottles being passed around. Crouching lower, I peered into my binoculars, spying a group of six men standing close together. I recognised Michlevik from the photo; a small man with a thin emaciated face. As he wiped his mouth with the sleeve of his shirt, I clearly saw his eyes. He had arrived in Italy as a young refugee from Albania. It had only taken him only a few years to carve a fortune for himself by taking control of most drug rings in Southern Italy. It was rumoured he was cruel, murdering anyone who tried to oppose his ascension. His men stood closely around him. Suddenly a voice from within the group made my blood freeze.

    “No discussions Mica. Like we agreed. Remember?” A voice with an Italian accent, one I knew very well.

    “You think I’m stupid?” Michlevik retorted in anger. "You follow what I say, ok? Then a spate of words in Albanian as he ordered his men around.

    “Ok Mica, whatever you say. The voice was calmer now, as if trying to soothe him. Both men moved away.

    I was in shock. It couldn’t be. I fought my nausea and my urge to pull aside the branches so I could get a better view. I struggled with my emotions as my mind screamed, “It can’t be!” but I would recognize that voice anywhere. Inside my head the same voice called out during my dream, “Maria don’t!” My hands slipped. I couldn’t do this.

    “You Must!” Uncle’s voice hissed inside my head. “You are a Tonelli”.

    Ignacio

    Bouncing at the back of the zodiac, I stared at Michlevik’s profile as we approached the meeting place on the beach. Above us, the cliffs of Marettimo loomed in the darkness. I felt little emotion returning to the place of my birth. Memories were still too painful.

    I hoped that my intentions remained hidden to Michlevik. Lately, stress had made me careless. I was impatient for my mission to end, but caution invited me to remain alert until the end. Three years ago, my unit had been ordered to infiltrate Michlevik’s gang. I had, slowly moved through the ranks of his organisation, until I became his second in command. I passed on any confidential information I could get my hands on to other undercover agents working for the Italian government. A wrong move at this moment could cost me not only my life, but also that of several men and women who were involved in the operation.

    Michlevik would not hesitate to kill me. All his henchmen were ex-mercenaries, hired to execute without asking questions, as they did when they murdered Carmelo. I had witnessed his killing, trapped in a nearby car between two henchmen. His assassination had been orchestrated by Michlevik as part of my initiation into his gang. I hadn’t known about his intentions until I saw Carmelo. I had sat petrified in the back seat as I watched my brother’s execution. I fought to control myself. At the slightest sign of weakness, these ruthless killers would have killed me as well as members of my family. I wondered what Father would have thought if he had known about my work. The old man had always liked to boast about us. Instead, I ended up killing his eldest son. I pushed the thought way. The zodiac scraped over the rocks on beach below: We had reached our meeting point.

    As we waited for the others to arrive, I tried to focus. My superiors intended to end this mission tonight. We had prepared everything in detail for the final showdown. Each one knew what they had to do. Michlevik interrupted my thoughts.

    “Hey Nazio, brother. Hey!” He was snapping his fingers in my face, seeking a response. I reacted quickly.

    “Va bene, Mica! Good. No more discussions.” The effort to mimic relief made my words tumble out fast. I turned away to hide my face.

    “Hey, Pietr,” I ordered in a gruff voice, “Over here, bring some beer.”

    Pietr’s voice was already thick with booze and drugs, like that of the most of the men around me. I hoped the meeting will go smoothly. We had gathered enough evidence to keep the man behind bars for a few centuries. I had been promised that this was to be my last assignment. After that, a cushy job in some state office. Peace, finally. A boat was approaching. We crouched with our guns ready.

    Two signals in rapid succession with the torchlight. A pause, then three more. Pause. Two more. Tonight, Milos was on time. He was probably with Caruso, one of the spies who worked for Michlevik. He had been providing the Albanian with precious information regarding the local smuggling operations. Figures jumped out of the zodiac as if in a hurry to commence the discussions. As they reached the clearing, Michlevik stepped forward to greet them. At that instant, a single shot exploded, and Michlevik screamed, cupping his cheek. The bullet exited from the other side of his skull, shattering the bones beneath. He dropped dead. For a few seconds, both groups remained stunned. Then guns roared into action. In the darkness, it was difficult to make out who was friend or foe. I dived into the bushes, clawing at the surrounding bushes to get out of the way of flying bullets. Close by, Caruso shrieked. A bullet smashed his knee cap. He stumbled and toppled screaming into the sea below. As abruptly as it had happened, the shooting came to an end. In the clearing, dead bodies were sprawled everywhere.
    Some of the survivors tried to reach the abandoned boats on the beach below. A few more shots exploded, then silence. I lay dazed in the darkness. The mission was finally over. Everything was going according to plan. It was time to make my own getaway.

    Maria lay in shock. Who had fired? She hadn’t been able to pull the trigger. Something stronger than family duty had restrained her from committing murder. She couldn’t do this to the memory of her Father. She knew he would have understood. Trembling, her fingers clutching at her pistol, she wished she had never listened to Uncle Salvatore. Whatever these men had done to her brothers, it was not for her to make them pay. Crouching in the dark, she waited for the right moment to slip away. The wind had picked up, making the bushes above her swirl around in furious circles. She crawled out cautiously. Rustling bushes covered the sound of her body as she slithered over the ground. At the same instant, from the other side of the clearing, a figure darted away. She crouched lower, not wishing to be seen. She knew what she had to do.

    As silence descended, Ignacio stood up slowly, feeling unprotected in the open space. As he took a step forward, cold metal pressed against the side of his neck. His heart felt it would explode. Turning to meet the gunman, he struggled to keep his anger in check.

    “Please.” he put my bloodied hands in the air, “I’m unarmed.” The gun fell away. A balaclava covered the face. From the holes of the mask, the eyes were still, watchful.

    I/ I / he struggled for words. Anger spilled over. “And just who in the hell are you!” he demanded, his voice shaking with emotion. In the ensuing silence, the faint click of the barrel sounded again. Closing his eyes, he was grateful for one thing. Michlevik was dead.

    A female voice. “Ignacio?” His eyes flew open in surprise. The balaclava was off. Blonde hair pulled back in a ponytail. Through the tendrils, green eyes flashed back at him.

    “Who are you?” His voice was harsh.

    “Maria.” She paused. “Your sister.” We stared at each other. How can you still be alive? Uncle said you had died Father

    A shot rung out. She collapsed over him. Blood oozed from a hole in her back. Ignacio looked down at her in disbelief.

    Ignacio! Over here. Thank God, We saved you in time." In the clearing, his colleague, Manuel, strode towards him.

    originally posted by: Shirley Soodeen

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  • A FOREIGNER LIVING IN ITALY

    Published September 21st, 2005 by English Yellow Pages
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    Strange as it may sound, only those who have lived away from Italy are suitable to judge and criticize the way of life and the way of thinking of this beautiful country and its people. If you have had the best of both worlds, being born and brought up in another country and spending as much time in another place, you can imagine how easy it is to speak about a country which you do not consider your own because of your native origins but choose to make yours when appropriate and fitting. Life in Italy could be a bed of roses, since it has all the right buttons to press:- landscapes, climate, food, culture, opportunities ( a person once said that Italy was the land of opportunities) and mentality. A bed of roses for visitors, tourists and globetrotters but what is really fascinating is life and the living, the working and the studying, the dealing and the communicating with its people day to day, knowing that one is not talking about a short term relationship or visit but one that needs to be cultivated and nurtured for the future. Let’s go back to my friend’s words Italy is the land of opportunities What was he referring to? Well, to the fact that nothing is impossible. Even if someone says E’ impossibile!, you believe it for an instant, then something happens or somebody gives you proof that, on the contrary, it was possible, in the end! How can you trust people, then? Give up on what seems evident or on what somebody, sitting in an office, responsible for giving information of any kind? Of course you are free to make another five or six telephone calls to be informed of five or six different pieces of information and then you can come to the conclusion that you certainly know more than what you originally did, but it may not be the answer to your problem!! The advantage of all this, is that you have food for thought and you can do what you want in the end, with a bit of imagination and good will! All this leads you to think that you need to be smart and be able to use all bits and pieces of information to your advantage. Even a person with little education or academic skills could have the chance of getting on in life. Just look at our Italian Vips, especially those of the new television generation- reality shows and so on, they are earning money and popularity to make any scientific researcher envious. Popularity and importance or public imageWhat do these words mean to an Italian person? Even those with a modest background would agree that image and how we present ourselves is of the utmost importance. In an average Southern Italian family, we would find apparently serene, life-loving people who will smile and take their time to spend more than a few words to inquire on your state of health and daily routine. This is an essential social factor to appear as a normal, respectful citizen or neighbour- that same citizen would have had a bad argument with her husband, crashed the car into a wall, broken the last glass of a wedding set and burnt the coffee! The worst must never leak out! We must appear as calm and collected normal people. As someone else noticed bello is the most common word in the Italian spoken language. This, of course, doesn’t make them superficial nor selfish but simply good actors for a society that rewards respectful and neighbourly citizens. Having said all this, Italian people are decidedly tolerant and respectful. Not many people will complain about someone who has just stepped into their queue and has got served before them. Young people, above all, tolerate abnormal behaviour among their schoolmates and rarely rebel against them or declare that they are making life hell. Does this indicate that youngsters really don’t care or do they accept the fact that we cannot all be the same and la vita bella, perch diversa ? Complaining about other people’s behaviour never gets you anywhere, anyway and asserting your authority or speaking up has always been considered rude and intolerant. So we may come to the conclusion that if we are not critical of others then, we are neither critical of ourselves. Self- irony and self-criticism have never been Italian people’s strong points. Wiser to give somebody else the blame, rather that admit our own errors. How often have you heard It wasn’t my fault. I had nothing to do with it? Admitting failure or simply saying Sorry, I made a mistake is something that goes against natural character or personality, as if showing vulnerability or weakness is stripping you of your mask of apparent strength and composure. Laughing at one’s errors and undermining oneself can only be a reflection of a strong and vulnerable person- a contradiction in terms? Maybe, but it’s a rare quality that may be interpreted as Don’t worry, I am not infallible and neither are you. It’s allowed. Italian people love their country, without being patriotic and nationalistic. They are ready to defend their culture and way of life, capable of giving appropriate information on geographical, cultural and political matters with no difficulty. Amazing what and how much Italian people know about their country. They are also appreciative of other cultures, excellent travellers, eager to learn and accept foreign traditions – no snobbery or criticism, mere appreciation and tolerance. Family lovers are they, spoilt children and young adults, especially males who still live at home with their parents at the age of thirty, along the way, but certain values and respect of the family as an institution are to be definitely admired. All in all, Italians are worth knowing and imitating for some aspects- taking or leaving whatever seems fit because, as in all great civilizations, there is always lots to learn and appreciate, making treasure of ways and lifestyles that do not belong to you but you may choose to pack away into your virtual suitcase for future reference and needs. They, in exchange, will be honoured to give their best and prettiest side of themselves, nodding in acknowledgement with a smile on their faces and a firm shake of their hand.

    originally posted by: Giuseppina Caraglia

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  • Decline of Empire - A View From Rome

    Published March 22nd, 2006 by English Yellow Pages
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    Living in the Eternal City is a privilege. Walking most everywhere, I have ample time to take in the magnificence of its treasured monuments dating mainly before Christ through the Imperial years, and then the Middle Ages. While Florence reflects the Renaissance, Rome reveals the much longer historical stretch from the Classical through the Baroque. It is also a city of bells, ringing from Medieval towers and countless church domes throughout the day. Columns and other antique architectural elements highlight parks, villas, and street corners. History is omnipresent.

    Freud compared Rome to a psychical entity in which nothing that has once come into existence will have passed away, and all the earlier phases of development continue to exist alongside the latest one. Walls are paved with broken pieces of Roman floors, new doorways flaunt medieval moldings, and every basement is a gateway to the ancient city beneath the streets. Rome is a great reminder that the past is always with us in the present.

    Italians specialize in taking their time, particularly at the table where they meander between splendid food and joyous conversationfor hours. Sensuality and taste are their way of life: beautiful people, clothes, furniture, cars, and food. They value beauty almost as if it were a religious tenet – which it was in pre-Christian times. Their highest moral is a bella figura, which means to do something not because it’s ‘right’ but because it’s the beautiful thing to do. Fail that test and you have committed a brutta figura, an act far worse than a mere illegality. As Romans glide through their notorious traffic like sleek schools of fish, they sustain a startlingly low level of honking and accidents because the seeming anarchy has one irrevocable guiding rule: don’t hit anyone.

    Practicing the art of living as faithfully as they have for more than two millennia, Romans have learned some valuable survival tricks and still cling to the claim of being capo mundi, ‘head of the world.’ Americans, of course, want to claim that hubristic title in the 21st Century. Nowadays, America is a beacon to people from all the other countries of the world just as ancient Rome was the magnet for Persians, Jews, Greeks, Arabs, and other Europeans who made the Eternal City the world’s first major melting pot.

    That the US has a huge military presence in other parts of the world (not for the stability of other countries but for its own continued dominance) is not lost on the Romans. The U.S. Navy’s Sixth Fleet is still headquartered just south of Naples. But the elders’ memory of Americans liberating them from the tyranny of fascism in the ’40s may be why Italy has remained one of the most pro-American nations in Western Europe. Or it could be because the U.S. is home to over 11 million Italian-Americans, most of them successful. Italians are proud that one of their own, Rudy Giuliani, was the popular mayor of New York City.

    Romans appreciate when I point out how simpatico my home state California and Italy are: beautifully varied landscapes, beaches, and a shared appreciation for fast cars, attractive people, fine wine, elegant living. They and we share something else: repulsion to our elected leader. While it remains a mystery to them why America elected Bush twice, they come the closest to understanding since they managed to do the same with Silvio Berlusconi. (I like to defend Berlusconi, claiming that, next to Bush, he’s a veritable Buddha – he’s against capital punishment, for universal medical care, etc.)

    Huey Long, one of America’s cleverest (but also most corrupt) politicians, was once asked if America would ever see fascism. Yes, he said, but we will call it anti-fascism. My Roman friends seem more upset than most Americans that Bush is eroding personal freedom at home while removing the welcome mat at its borders. Give me your tired, your poor has, they note, become: Give me your fingerprints.

    Initially, more Italians supported Bush than did French, Germans, or even Britons. Two months after 9/11, Premier Berlusconi led a pro-U.S. rally in Rome that attracted nearly 100,000 people. Io sono un New Yorker, he said, echoing the famous John Kennedy tribute to Berlin. Even amidst Berlusconi-controlled TV and state-run media, Italians of all political persuasions observed Bush defy U.N. resolutions to wage an unprovoked, unlawful, colonial-style invasion and occupation of Iraq. But just as many Americans are now unhappy with the war, so, too, have all but the most conservative Italians soured on the Iraq invasion.

    Under Bush, Cheney and Co., the American Empire behaves like a rogue state, flouting the international community on legal, economic and environmental issues, even ignoring the Geneva Convention on the treatment of prisoners by insisting on its right to torture enemies. Italians find it laughable that the U.S. forbids new nations from developing nuclear capacity while steadfastly refusing to reduce its own production of weapons of mass destruction. Despite being the only nation to have actually committed nuclear genocide, the American Empire demands it must be entrusted with an unlimited and ever-growing arsenal.

    Italians also notice how Bush continues to line the pockets of wealthy cronies while many U.S. citizens live without basic social programs such as national health insurance. The U.S. budget deficit, over a half-trillion dollars, is the biggest bit of red ink ever smeared on world history. As it happens, Americans live shorter lives than Italians. Our children are more likely to die in infancy. The US ranks above Italy (and most industrialized nations) in infant mortality. Despite greater spending, American children consistently under-perform their Italian peers in literacy and math.

    So while Italians embrace Americans and much of our popular culture, they may be the fiercest critics of the American Empire. Their view as folks from an ex-empire is that America’s Imperium cannot be sustained. Italians see our obsessions with wealth, size, and abundance as not only ecologically catastrophic but aesthetically unredeeming. Italians recognize the most formidable threat to the Empire is not militant Islam but what its own late, much-admired Senator William Fulbright called the arrogance of power.

    Romans know all too well that no empire is immortal. They are reminded by this every time they step onto their streets where even the grandest temples and mightiest monuments now lie in ruins. Given the Buddha’s teaching on impermanence – and the historical experience that proves it – we must accept that the American Empire will not last. Rome is a fitting place to watch its decline and fall.

    Alan Hunt Badiner is a freelance writer living in Rome.

    originally posted by: Allan Hunt Badiner

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  • My Favourite Place

    Published March 27th, 2006 by English Yellow Pages
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    Rome appears indeed a truly old reality, but one has to imagine how the city was viewed by our ancestors twenty centuries ago when it symbolized both the modernity of history and the future of civilization, in a very similar way to the actual New York. Had Rome’s uniqueness ever existed, its contemporary appraisal cannot escape some careful comparisons with other significant entities. Despite the fact that a capital city is normally situated at the top of a nation, there does not seem to be a direct relation between political or economic predominance and people’s culture. In many respects, a country’s identity has nothing to share with the charming cosmopolitism of important towns whose philosophy of life does increasingly converge towards globalizing common values. Rome makes an exception to the capitals’ unrepresentative identity, for this city really encompasses Italy. Its problems are in fact those of an entire nation whose people’s impatience combines with the absolute lack of urban coherence in Rome structure, with anarchy-driven districts winding themselves round all sorts of millenary remains and even the stones exhaling the dissolution of any institutional power throughout history. Moreover, a universal movement of human condition takes shape between the shadows of Rome’s reddish palaces and the multi-ethnic confusion of visitors that neither originates tolerance nor generates exclusion, as if the generalized vagueness of the city’s athmosphere could have been producing nothing but a permanent dream of human endurance. It is indeed very hard to endure the eternity of Rome. To explain why the city is eternal, consider the ordinary link existing between past and future. It is normally assumed that historic facts are those (no longer happening) which gave birth to the present. In Rome, things look quite different. Here it’s the future that generates memory, not the past, as Roman achievements come out in a constantly renewed flow from unforecastable origins. Rome is still unborn, for the city looks circled by the history of the world like a baby is surrounded by the womb’s liquid of his mother. What about the problems of the city? They are certainly unchangeable, like the underground getting breathless on each Saturday or the buses constantly sandwitching their smoking machineries between the cars in concert. Political powers keep a tight control of the city and thus nonchanantly contribute to the poverty of services availed to citizens. The list of inadequacies looks endless as even the house renting system does not work properly and many young people are inevitably condemned to live with their parents until their thirties and beyond. In fact, no solution exists for the problems of Rome. The city looks like a sick man in very good shape that swallows up all his pains. It is almost certain that Italians do nourish a special love for the paradox of the healthy illness. They are anarchist but they hate anarchy. They dislike what they are but they like to be as they are. They dislike the objects of their mockeries but they like to continue mocking their needs. Everything is necessary in Italy but nothing is really useful. This fatalistic spirit elucidates the real nature of Italian catholicism. Italians will never be able to become Muslims or Protestants or Bouddhists, for the membership of a faithful community requires to trace a clear distinction between good and evil. This is unconceivable for an Italian. The intimate nature of catholicism is just to recognize the necessity of extraordinarily high morality thresholds and to end admitting that these are not attainable. Don’t take this, however, as pure scepticism, for an Italian State can exist despite any downgrading realism which destroys the certainty of the law, a good so preciously cherished by anglo-saxon people. So, you cannot like Rome if you dislike Italians. Rome is eligible as a beloved place only if the unrivalled contradictions of Roman people may conceal, in your eyes, a touch of universality, though the significance of the word beloved is very similar (in this case) to that which marked the relationship between Elizabeth Taylor and Richard Burton (Oh Dear, I love you and I flee from you). Yes, I can’t bear Rome, but I am unable to live without its infinity.

    originally posted by: Giovanni Ciraolo

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  • An Olive Harvest at El Marsam

    Published September 5th, 2006 by English Yellow Pages
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    The Making of Our First Olive Oil

    It is the winter solstice and a beautifully clear day; the air is crisp even as the melting snow becomes a memory. Paolo comes to the house after lunch and together we take our olives to an old-fashioned mill for pressing into extra virgin olive oil. The Antico Frantoio is located in Anghiari in the Tuscan hills. Located in the Upper Tiber Valley, the old mill has been run by the Bartolomei family of Compalla since the second half of the eighteenth century but the mill has been in existence since 1421. The very stones of the building seem saturated with the aromatic fragrance of olive oil and we need to step carefully as we cross the stone floors covered with a permanent sheen of pure olive oil.
    Paolo and Mike deliver their handpicked olives to a designated room on the top floor of the mill where their sacks are weighed. Together we have 235 kilos of olives and 61 kilos are ours. While we wait, I talk to Enza, the proprietor’s wife, a lovely, cultured lady. She is quite a character to behold as she scurries around in her high heels and elegant dress that is belted around a waist smaller than Scarlett O’Hara’s, seeing to the needs of her clients who are made to feel like guests as they await their oil. We are seated in a small room, keeping warm by an ancient stone camino where a fire blazes fiercely. When she is not serving up crusty bread on which she has poured samplings of their own oil, she grabs a mop and passes it over the floor lest anyone should slip on the oily surface. Every once in a while she has a moment to spare and sits with us to chat, showing a genuine interest in our new life here in Umbria.
    When it is our turn, our olives are dropped down a chute to the mill where two granite millstones grind the olives to a pulp. This purplish brown mush is spread on mats, which are stacked and placed into a press that separates the liquid part of the pulp, consisting of water and oil, from the solid parts, consisting of olive husks, olive pit fragments and peels. What liquid remains after this stage of the process is then put through a centrifuge where the water is separated from the oil. Two hours from the time our olives tumbled down the chute into the mill, we have our oil, a thick green-gold liquid. We watch with fascination and deep satisfaction as it pours in a steady stream into our waiting jugs. The oil is as thick and opaque in color as split pea soup but will clarify over time as it sits.
    Outside, night has fallen but the black is pierced by the brilliance of a full moon that shines tonight like it has not shone in 133 years. A phenomenon of science, its brilliance is fourteen times greater than normal and will not repeat this luminous performance for another one hundred years. The outline of the walled hill town with its church spires is illuminated by its magical glow, as are the isolated farm houses, the fields, the olive groves and the vineyards, wrapping up the memory of this day in the most enchanting way.
    At home, in front of our old fireplace, we drizzle our new oil on our bread to celebrate our first olive harvest! We are as content and proud as any contadini could be!

    There is a famous Tuscan white bean soup that is made during the olive harvest using the first pressing of oil. Served at room temperature layered over grilled garlic bread, it satisfies the soul. Below is our version of this soup. It has become a favorite with our guests here at El Marsam B&B.
    Zuppa Frantoiana (White Bean Soup)
    14 ounces (400 grams) dried white cannalotti beans
    10 to 12 cups water, salted
    6-8 tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil, plus additional for serving
    1 onion, finely chopped
    1 carrot, finely chopped
    1 rib celery, chopped
    1 clove garlic, minced
    fresh thyme or _ tablespoon dried thyme
    fresh sage or _ tsp. dried sage
    1 bay leaf
    The night before, soak the beans in enough cold water to cover. The next day drain the beans and cook them in a large deep pot with 10 to 12 cups salted water to which you have added thyme, sage and bay leaf.
    While beans are cooking, warm the olive oil in a deep heavy frying pan, and saut_ the chopped onion, carrot, and celery in the oil until they are soft and translucent, about 15 minutes.
    Add this mixture to the simmering beans and cook until the beans are tender, at least one hour. Remove bay leaf. Drain but reserve the cooking water.
    When beans have cooled, blend them in blender with reserved cooking water, adding a little at a time until the consistency is creamy. Return to pot and reheat. Garnish with cracked pepper and serve with crusty Italian bread that has been grilled or toasted, then rubbed with fresh garlic and drizzled with olive oil.

    originally posted by: Ginda Simpson

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  • Crime and Punishment Online

    Published November 11th, 2002 by English Yellow Pages
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    Lets be clear, the tragedy is not that pedophilia exists online. The tragedy is that pedophilia exists.

    Anyone who is surprised that criminals use the Internet isnt paying attention. Criminals were early and effective users (and abusers) of the railroad, the car, the telegraph, the telephone, anything which gave them mobility and anonymity helped them. Pedophiles use the Internet to send and receive pictures, meet each other, and buy and sell pictures of young children in sexual situations. Obviously, anonymity is important to this class of criminal, and the Internet does give the illusion of anonymity.

    But those who are calling this an Internet problem should stop and look at the situation for a minute. Closer examination shows that this could be labeled an Internet solution. People motivated to confront and attack pedophilia have found the Internet to be on their side. The Internet also allows the good guys to organize and communicate more effectively, and its no coincidence that recent stories about pedophilia have all included information about the arrest of pedophiles.

    I referred to the illusion of anonymity on the Internet above. You are not really anonymous on the Internet. Your ISP knows who you are and where your computer lives. Routers can be programmed to analyze the contents of the packets of information sent around the world. The Internet may well be the best crime-fighting tool available against this type of crime. Criminals can and will work around these defenses, but there are other defenses that may be better left undiscussed.

    Italian news stories about Internet pedophilia have been just as hypocritical and inaccurate as was the recent Newsweek cover story about the issue. The telling statistic is the very small number – 39 – of Internet sites in Italy dealing with pedophilia. Child abuse in the developed world is on the decline, even if news organizations trumpet gory details about every case that comes to light. Child abuse in Russia and other desperately poor countries is horrifying, both in numbers and in the sordid details, but it is tolerance of organized crime and the desperate need for dollars and Deutschmarks that drives it. Perhaps the most sickening fact is that, for all too many currently supplying this trade, pedophilia is just a business.

    But it must also be noted that Italys media masters are expert in sensualizing daily life, and often cross the line between sensuality and eroticism. Italian ads showing naked children frolicking in diaper commercials and nude women selling mineral water are often beautiful, but the social consequences of some of these ads have not been considered by their producers.

    The age of consent in Italy is 14. In too much of the country, power and money is concentrated in the male head of the family, who too often is brought up to think that expressions of power and anger are automatically legitimate. Children are often considered ego-extensions in the middle and upper classes, and in poor families their situation can often be desperate.

    Italy does have real problems with children and sex. Low rates of teen childbirth, abortion and reporting of abuse have masked the situation effectively, as has the pervasive Italian culture of denial. However, the problem pre-dates the current controversy by several centuries, and Italians should address issues of family law, social organization and inequality before they start blaming the Internet.

    Thomas W. Fuller is an independent Internet analyst based in Turin.

    originally posted by: Thomas W. Fuller

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  • Curtains

    Published November 11th, 2002 by English Yellow Pages
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    Americans, who are tragically wrong on the issue of capital punishment, get constant reminders of the magnitude of their mistake when the world points out the company America keeps. Among the few remaining practitioners of this semi-barbaric practice are democratic stalwarts such as China, North Korea, Iraq, ad nauseum.

    Now Italy can judge itself by the company it keeps. Other countries attempting to control or limit the use of the Internet include China, North Korea, Iraq, ad absurdium.

    Internet censorship is not as serious an issue as capital punishment. In the end, it is more serious—for the maintenance and evolution of a modern democracy. Italys law requiring registration of online information sites and acceptance of liability by site sponsors is dead wrong. The center-left, full of pious reformist rhetoric, is attempting to Stalinize the online media. It is being helped by monied interests, ranging from corporations who want to maintain their too-cozy relationships with journalists (ask the next automotive journalist you see where he got his car) to a journalists medieval guild that limits membership and is heavily politicized. But the state bears the bulk of the blame.

    Its not so much that the state wants to muzzle all information available online. They just want to retain that option as a threat. Online sites will have to go along to get along. This typical Italian law, vague and subject to judicial interpretation, leaves the state with a powerful club in its hand. Its part of the grand Italian government philosophy – if everyone is a criminal, then the state always has the upper hand. Hence the archaic Roman code of law, the Byzantine tax regulations, etc. If every Catholic is a sinner, then the Church is essential. So everything becomes a sin.

    The Net effect will be the further decline of already mediocre journalistic standards. Already, half the readership of the International Herald Tribune in Italy is Italian, and you can bet that these Italian readers arent just looking to improve their English. With almost all the media being propaganda organs of one political party or another, the IHT is valued for its independence. Now this can continue on the Internet, apparently (think www.iht.com).

    In an over-polluted country with organized crime still dominant in certain regions, in a country where corporate power is vested in a salotto buono and politics is the dirtiest game of all, in a country where the poorer half has 20% unemployment and the richer half has a jobless rate of 4.6%, where the government is incapable of providing the essential services required by its citizens but taxes them at a rate of 46% of gross national product, a free and independent community of journalists is vital – but dangerous to the powers that be. It doesnt exist at present in Italy, and this law makes it more unlikely that it ever will. Muzzling the online information world is necessary to the maintenance of the gray curtain that hides how Italy works.

    Im just lucky that the people Im writing about dont read English.

    Thomas Fuller is an independent Internet analyst based in Turin.

    originally posted by: Thomas W. Fuller

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